The purpose of designing bracing members is to ensure the building’s stability against longitudinal and lateral forces caused by wind, cranes, and earthquakes, transferring these loads from the rafters and columns to the foundation.
Typically, rods, pipes, or angle sections are used in X-bracing systems, which have a minimum yield strength of 250MPa. In-wall bracings are installed between two columns, extending from the haunch to the bottom of the columns.